Adversary-Oriented
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AGED 6223

PLANNING AND EVALUATION
OF EDUCATIONAL PROGRAMS IN AGRICULTURE

 

 

Adversary - Oriented Evaluation Approach

PE01191_.WMF (15096 bytes)

Owens' (1973) Characteristics

Rules established for handling adversary proceedings are quite flexible
Complex rules of evidence replaced by free evaluation of evidence based solely upon whether evidence is considered by the hearings officer to be relevant
Both parties can be required before the trial to inform hearings officer of all relevant facts, means of proof, and names of witnesses
Copy of charges is furnished to hearings officer and defendant before trial and defendant has option of admitting in advance to certain charges and challenging others
Witnesses are allowed to testify more freely and to be cross-examined
Experts often called upon to testify even before trial
Pretrial conferences of hearings officer with both parties tend to make trial less a battle of wits and more a search for relevant facts
In addition to two parties involved, other interested groups may be permitted to participate

 

Judicial Evaluation Model

Issue generation - identification and development of possible issues to be addressed in hearing
Issue selection - elimination of issues not at dispute and selection and further development of those issues to be argued in hearing
Preparation of arguments - collection of evidence, synthesis of prior evaluation data to develop arguments for the two opposing cases to be presented
The hearing

 

Useful Situations

Object of the evaluation affects many people
Controversy about object of evaluation has created wide interest
Decisions are summative
Evaluators are external
Clear issues are involved
Administrators understand intensity of adversary-oriented evaluations
Resources are available for additional expenses required by adversarial strategies

 

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